Moral Consequences

Abortion - Excommunication

Canon 1398 provides that, "a person who procures a successful abortion incurs an automatic (latae sententiae) excommunication." This means that at the very moment that the abortion is successfully accomplished, the woman and all formal conspirators are excommunicated

In any case, whether one has been excommunicated or not, the sin of abortion must be confessed as the taking of innocent human life (5th Commandment). If the penitent did not know about this law at the time of the abortion then he or she was NOT excommunicated. If the person knew about the law but there were extenuating circumstances (such as mentioned above concerning c. 1323) then these factors should be mentioned to the confessor. He will say whether he has the faculty from the bishop to absolve from this excommunication or whether he even needs to. If he does not, he will privately and secretly obtain absolution from the bishop or send the person to a confessor who has that power.

A person who believes they have been excommunicated must refrain from Holy Communion until both absolution for the sin and absolution for the excommunication has been given.

To actually incur the excommunication one must know that it is an excommunicable offense at the time of the abortion. Canon 1323 provides that the following do not incur a sanction, those:

  •  who are not yet 16,

  • are unaware of a law,

  • do not advert to it or are in error about its scope,

  •  were forced or had an unforeseeable accident,

  •  acted out of grave fear,

  • or who lacked the use of reason (except culpably, as by drunkenness).

  • Thus a woman forced by an abusive husband to have an abortion would not incur an excommunication, for instance, whereas someone culpably under the influence of drugs or alcohol would (canon 1325).

http://www.ewtn.com/expert/answers/abortio2.htm

*Canon Law


 

OTHER POSSIBLE SPIRITUAL COMPLICATIONS

A woman’s spirituality, faith or religious beliefs can impact on issues and feelings relating to her abortion.

Often a woman instinctively reacts to an unwanted pregnancy resolving her crisis by having an abortion, and she may not have time or the opportunity to fully explore the possible impact of her decision. Often the seemingly sound practical reasons for proceeding with an abortion, outweigh spiritual or religious concerns when under pressure to make a decision.

Many factors contribute to a woman’s spiritual experience and response to her abortion: her sense of (or lack of a sense of) God and her relationship with God, whatever she conceives God to be; her experiences of traditional religion and religious teachings, which may have shaped her beliefs and contributed to forming her spirituality, its nature and depth, and her sense of morality.

Feelings are complicated if a woman believes she has contradicted the will of God by aborting her baby, and deep hurt may open within her heart and psyche. “Have I made a mistake?” “Will I be punished for this decision?” are key questions a woman may ask herself as she deals with the spiritual implications of what she has done. She can easily become trapped in long-term fear, guilt and shame. Devoutly religious women from denominations that ban abortion often fear they may struggle with misgivings about their past abortions, whilst women who feel a less rigid religious identification are sometimes amazed by their spiritual or conscious discomfort afterwards.

A woman who terminates a pregnancy is usually aware of the ways in which her religion regards abortion; she is also aware of how her family, friends, and the members of her religious community (where applicable) would view her decision in light of their own spiritual or religious convictions. This however can seem of less concern than dealing with the immediate problem of an unplanned or unwanted pregnancy and is overridden by a need to get rid of the problem.

A woman’s sense of her relationship to her body and her ability to create life is significant. For a woman to simultaneously view herself as ‘creator’ and a ‘destroyer’ can generate confusion, a vital questioning by her of her character, conflict in her moral convictions and her identity as a spiritual person.(1)

Abortion is a life-death experience, and affects a woman at every level of her being - physical, mental, emotional and spiritual. Dealing with the loss of her baby, at the core of her being can be extremely painful, and moving through grief can be difficult, especially if grief is denied.

If a woman perceives her abortion experience as traumatic, it may overwhelm her normal coping mechanisms, leaving her feeling not only psychologically but also spiritually wounded. Violence, or perceived violence, traumatizes the body, mind and soul. When someone has been traumatized, they may “lose their breath”. Recovery from trauma then is also about recovery of the wounded spirit.(2)

Some symptoms of spiritual disease include feelings of fear, despair, impatience, jealousy, disillusionment, emptiness, sadness, anxiety, loneliness, bitterness, hopelessness, boredom, insecurity, irritation, anger... Signs of spiritual dis-ease might include:
 

  • indifference towards others or self-pity

  • lessening of wonder and enthusiasm

  • lessening of gentleness and courtesy, rudeness, teasing, sarcasm, nagging

  • bad humor, quarrels, quick temper

  • chronic feelings of being used or misunderstood

  • routine or mechanical communication

  • taking advantage of others or taking others for granted

  • pre-occupation with or neglect of self

  • continuous escapes: do-gooding, overindulgence/misuse of food, alcohol, sex

Women often express this ‘disquiet’ deep inside, often afraid and unsure about what is happening, feeling disconnected, alone... and it can seem like nothing quite makes sense anymore. There is a sense that ‘something is not right’ at the deepest level, indicating a sense of separation from God or spiritual alienation. Guilt and shame can become magnified and the desire to run or hide is a natural response.

Some women describe the feeling of being trapped in a dark place, filled with pain and unspoken fear. A woman’s sense of self-worth decreases and she can sometimes think she cannot possibly be forgiven for her part in the death of her baby. This is usually an unconscious process, and manifests in the physical and emotional symptoms and signs. Self-judgement is often huge and self-forgiveness can be the biggest obstacle.

Some of the spiritual work in dealing with the aftermath of an abortion experience:
 

  • breaking through denial and grieving

  • discovering ‘how the trauma has affected me’ and ‘who I am now’

  • overcoming guilt and shame

  • understanding and resolving the spiritual and moral conflicts that arise

  • offering and receiving forgiveness and unconditional love

  • finding self-acceptance within present spiritual beliefs or redefining beliefs to include the reality of the abortion

The journey into darkness and isolation can, with appropriate spiritual help lead into the intimacy of being known and the joy of being healed. 

“I know the plans I have for you” declares the Lord, “plans to prosper you and not to harm you, plans to give you hope and a future.” (Jeremiah 29:11)

REFERENCES:
1. The Healing Choice, Candace de Puy & Dana Dovitch, Hodder & Stroughton, 1997
2. A Spirituality of Trauma, Joe Wardhaugh, FMSA., Human Development Vol 21, No. 3, Fall 2000